Page 145 - York Global Science 6 - Physical Science

Physical Science

Let’s Learn

Temperature and heat energy are related, but they are not the same thing.

Heat energy is connected to the movement of particles in a substance. The
more the particles vibrate or move, the more heat energy an object has and
the higher its temperature is.

All matter is made up of particles that can move or vibrate. If water is heated,
the particles in the water start to move more quickly; they gain more kinetic
energy. This kinetic energy is also called heat energy.

When particles in a substance move or vibrate, they hit each other and
transfer kinetic energy to other particles. This can cause a change in

temperature. It can also cause a change in state.

The more heat that is added, the more kinetic energy the particles have, and
the higher the temperature. If heat energy is taken away, the particles have
less kinetic energy. The temperature becomes lower and the change in state
can be reversed.

50°C 80°C

These two beakers contain the same amount of the same substance. The
temperature in beaker B is higher than the temperature in beaker A. This

means that the particles in beaker B have more kinetic energy, and therefore
have more heat energy, than beaker A. This shows that, in this situation, as
the temperature increases, the heat energy also increases.

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